See accompanying technical guide for further details. , Children can be sentenced to custody in three different establishment types: Young Offender Institutions are for males aged 15-17 only, no females. In 2019, 74% of those convicted for TV licence evasion were female. Youth custody report for August 2013 published. Of those sentenced, a consistently higher proportion of female offenders were fined and had a lower average fine than male offenders over the last 5 years. In 2019, sentences for female offenders had a higher level of concordance with their pre-sentence report (excluding Other) (66%) than male offenders (59%). The following section discusses child offenders at different stages of the Criminal Justice System. In comparison, 21,500 males were remanded in custody at the Crown Court for indictable offences: 72% of these were White, 14% were Black, 7% were Asian, 4% were Mixed and 2% were Chinese and Other. The proportion of all young offenders in the matched cohort that achieved any pass in their GCSEs (or equivalents) was high; 80% for males and 83% for females. However, the proportion of senior staff who were female was lower than the proportion of staff at all grades across the CJS organisations considered in this section. Figure 7.08: Proportion of young offenders who finished Key Stage 4 in either 2013/14 or 2014/15 that achieved 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G by gender and disposal category[footnote 98] (Source: Table 7.1). Include a detailed revisions policy within every release. Receipt of subsequent information which alters our understanding of previous periods (for example late recording on one of the administrative IT systems used operationally). The difference was greatest amongst those receiving fines, where a greater proportion of young females attained this level (22%) than the young male group (15%). Remands at magistrates court followed similar trends to police remands over the last 5 years, with lower proportions of female defendants bailed or remanded in custody. The most disturbing though, 27% of fathers have no contact with their children. Of the sentenced prison population, sentences can be divided into two broad groups: determinate sentences which are for a fixed period, and indeterminate sentences (these include life sentences and indeterminate sentences for public protection IPPs). It has not been possible to accurately replicate the existing methodology and produce robust estimates in time for this release following changes to the way that data are recorded. This is largely due to the introduction of the offence of assaulting an emergency worker in 2018, for which 3,300 females were prosecuted in 2019. For both young males and young females that received a sentence/caution in the matched offender cohort, over half (57% of males and 61% of females) received Free School Meals (FSM). Young females had higher levels of FSM eligibility across all disposals, except for fines, compared to young males. In 2019, the same proportion (98%) of PNDs issued were for higher tier offences for both males and females. , Where sex is known. These data comes from the Child Support Supplement to the April 2018 Current Population Survey (CPS). Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. The main source of referral was police custody, accounting for 72% of males and 73% of females referred to liaison and diversion services. Main facts and figures. , Published figures for self-harm in prison can be found in Safety in Custody Statistics. Male victims were comparatively younger, with equal proportions within the 16-24 and 25-34 age groups (both 22%). In fact, statistics are frequently cited that suggest around 90% of women are awarded custody, but they also fail to show that 60% of men get custody in a contested cases. Until the statistics tell us that more than 4 percent of divorced fathers are seeking custody through the Family Court system, there are few men who have such experience and proof of a true "gender bias." Custody Rate and Average Custodial Sentence Length (ACSL)[footnote 83]. In 2019, the median average days from the offence to the completion of the criminal case was 153 days for females and 162 for males. More than 500 lay people (59 percent men, 41 percent women) also were recruited online to take part in the study. Youth custody data for June 2017 published. Tests for statistical significance are published in the Victims tables alongside this report. If we become concerned about whether these statistics are still meeting the appropriate standards, we will discuss any concerns with the Authority promptly. The only exceptions are when we are deliberately discussing all aged offenders. For both young males and young females that received a sentence/caution in the matched cohort, over half received FSM. In homicides where the principal suspect was known to the victim, 67% of cases with female victims suspected the partner/ex-partner. Conviction ratios were higher for summary offences and as a higher proportion of female offences were summary, this in part explains the higher conviction ratio for female offenders. Data is not available for Community Rehabilitation Companies. April 2017 to March 2018) offender cohort. A fixed period exclusion can involve a part of the school day and it does not have to be for a continuous period. This compared to Black females, accounting for 6% of all female prosecutions White female defendants accounted for 87% of all female prosecutions, and this has been broadly stable since 2015. The HMIP Annual Report 2019/20 identifies differences in reported prison experiences between male and female prisoners[footnote 65]. My wife has confessed that when she first learned I was a single dad she automatically presumed that mum had died! , These are sourced from linked magistrates courts and Crown Court administrative data systems with a match rate of around 90%. , This is not including the 96 victims of the Hillsborough disaster in 2016/17, where 89 were male and 7, female. In 2018/19, a total of 85,900[footnote 28] adults engaged with liaison and diversion services, of which just over a fifth (21%) were females which is a higher proportion than those arrested (please see arrests section of this chapter). , Self-declared from HR records, as at 1 April 2019. Young males receiving less than 12 months in custody were less likely to receive any pass in GCSEs than young females (60% v 67%). , Defendants are reported against their principal (i.e. This chapter reports on the trends in the composition of staff and practitioners throughout the criminal justice system (CJS) by sex. , Persistent absence is when a pupil enrolments overall absence equates to 10 per cent or more of their possible sessions. , Details can be found in the Technical Guide published alongside this report. For both sexes, the child custody rate has remained broadly stable since 2015, at 8% for males and 2% for females. In 2019, the number of individuals who self-harmed per 1,000 prisoners was 335 for females and 148 for males[footnote 67]. Overall, over half of young offenders sentenced or cautioned in the matched cohort had SEN without a statement, 61% for young females and 60% for young males. Newport, UK: Office for National Statistics. , This section looks at indictable offences only. Other sources in this chapter include Criminal Courts Statistics and Legal Aid Statistics. , Fixed period exclusion refers to a pupil who is excluded from a school for a set period of time. , Data is from CSEW 2019 annual supplementary tables. , See technical guide for more information on PNDs. , National liaison and diversion services offence groups are based on those used by the Home Office and are not directly comparable to those used in Criminal Justice Statistics quarterly: December 2019, which are used throughout the majority of this bulletin. , Where there were multiple offences on the same occasion, only the primary offence as recorded on the Police National Computer (PNC) would be counted. You have accepted additional cookies. Youth custody data for January 2017 published. 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G, including English & Maths. The custody rate for this offence was lower for female offenders (19%) than for males (26%). Figure 5.02: Individuals dealt with formally by the CJS, by sex, 2015 to 2019. All results relate to England and Wales unless explicitly stated otherwise. The matched cohort data also provided information on the proportion of those sentenced/cautioned that have a history of being persistently absent[footnote 110] from school, have a previous record of being permanently excluded[footnote 111] from school, or have received a fixed period exclusion[footnote 112], at any point during KS4. , Only two sentence length categories have been used for analysis of the MoJ-DfE data due to small volumes when the data is broken down. The processes by which other revisions will be communicated and published. This was significantly higher than the 3.4% of female adult victims in the same year (no significant change from 3.7% the previous year). These proportions have remained constant over the last 5 years. The other ethnic groups all had the same custody rate of 35%. Lone parents with dependent children represented 17% of all families with dependent children in 2019, and females accounted for 91% of these lone parents[footnote 117]. 20 divorce facts for 2020. Most of this decrease is accounted for by a reduction in the number of females prosecuted for theft offences (10,500 fewer in 2019 than in 2015), particularly theft from shops, for which there were 8,200 fewer prosecutions. , Data is from Domestic abuse in England and Wales: year ending March 2019. , In 2018/19 Lancashire, Warwickshire and West Mercia stated that new IT systems and/or processes had led to changes in recording of detentions under section 136 of the Mental Health Act. Statistics show that women are awarded child custody in nearly 90 percent of all cases. A decrease in prosecutions was also seen for Class B drug offences (1,000 fewer), benefit fraud (1,500 fewer) and absconding from bail (1,200 fewer). Other defendants such as companies and public bodies are also excluded. The purpose of this study was to further our understanding of what child custody evaluators and However, as in previous reports, in order to present as full a picture as possible we have also included some statistics that do not have this badging where National Statistics are not held on important or new topics. , Department of Work and Pensions benefits statistics. Father-headed households 400,000 families were headed by lone fathers in 2012, representing 13.5% of all single-parent households in the UK according to the Office for National Statistics. Consequently, there is a lower proportion of effective trials for females (43%) compared to males (50%). A 2.6 pp increase over the last five years brought female representation among in-post police officers up to 31% in 2019. The most recent annual reoffending data available is for the 2017/18 (i.e. Since 2015, the ACSL for indictable offences has risen for both male and female offenders from all ethnic groups[footnote 76]. The overall level of concordance between sentences proposed and sentences given (excluding Other) has fallen from 74% in 2017 to 68% in 2018 and was 60% in 2019. In 2019, fines were the most common sentence given to both male and female offenders sentenced at all courts, but females typically had less severe sentencing outcomes. In 2019, offenders with 15 or more previous cautions or convictions comprised 25% of all offenders, 89% of offenders were male, compared to the 11% who were female. Defendants with sex not stated accounted for 10% of all court proceedings in 2019, companies and public bodies accounted for 1%. The median offence to completion for all individual offence groups is higher for females than males except for violence against the person and theft offences. A BBC report suggested that in 2011 men accounted for just 8% of the UK's single parents. When split by sex, larger percentage decreases were seen over the last 5 years for female adults (25%) and children (31%) compared to males (21% and 26% respectively). Court bail includes those remanded on bail at any stage of proceedings at magistrates or Crown Court who were never remanded in custody but who may also have been not remanded at some stage of those proceedings. In June 2019, the number of children and young people up to 18 years old in secure estates[footnote 61] was 885, of which 3% were female. Similar falls have been seen in the number of defendants prosecuted over the last 5 years when broken down by sex; the number of prosecutions for male defendants fell by 11% to 904,000 in 2019 and prosecutions for female defendants fell by 12% to 324,000 in 2019. Figure 8.03: Indictable offences with the highest proportion of female convictions, England and Wales, 2019. , The custody rate is the proportion of all offenders sentenced to immediate custody, out of all sentencing outcomes. We will provide further updates regarding the availability of a consistent back series in subsequent Criminal Court Statistics publications[footnote 44]. Among young females who were dealt with by a community penalty, 90% had a record of persistent absence, compared to 82% of young males; a 9 percentage point difference. You can change your cookie settings at any time. As at 30 June 2019, 13% of the sentenced male prison population were serving indeterminate sentences compared to 11% of the female population. , A SEN statement is a document which sets out a childs SEN and any additional help that the child should receive. In 2019, 60,800 cautions were issued, 78% to males and 22% to females. Figure 4.02: Proportion of arrests within each offence group, by sex, 2019/20, Detentions under section 136 of the Mental Health Act (1983)[footnote 25]. A higher proportion of female children were remanded on bail (72%) than male children (38%). This report is also accompanied by an infographic summarising key findings. Figure 7.07: Proportion of males and female offenders by offending history, England and Wales, 2015 and 2019. , In 2019/20, the CPS moved from annual reporting, in the Violence Against Women and Girls annual report, to quarterly data. In 2019[footnote 43], the majority of defendants for triable-either-way cases that were sent to the Crown Court were sent on the direction of the magistrate (85%). , Bespoke analysis can be found in the Chapter 3: Victims Tables published alongside this report. The overall child conviction ratio for indictable offences remained broadly stable since 2015, at 70%. See technical guide for more information. In 2017, the national average paid in child support to custodial parents amounted to $3,431 per year. The study relied solely on electronically available published opinions in child custody cases (n = 4,338). Figure 5.12: Proportion of offenders sentenced to immediate custody, by custodial sentence length and sex, 2019[footnote 58]. For each offence, the proportion of those who were sentenced to immediate custody was lower for female offenders than for males. Figure 3.01: Percentage of adults who were victims of personal crime, by type, year ending March 2019. The largest difference in proportions between genders for fixed period exclusion was seen for those who were dealt with by a suspended sentence. The Ministry of Justice aims to avoid the need for revisions to publications unless they are absolutely necessary and put systems and processes in place to minimise the number of revisions. In 2019/20, 7,002 prisoners completed the survey of which 694 were female. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. Youth custody report for February 2015 published. A similar trend was seen in male prosecutions over the last five years, where the number of males prosecuted for indictable offences was 25% lower in 2019 than in 2015. May in certain circumstances also be suitable when the Court is considering custody.
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