The octagonal vault is covered with arches and lacelike interlaced sculpture in the late Gothic Flamboyant style. The capitals of the columns are decorated with dragons and other mythical creatures. Above this are blind arcades, an ornate cornice, and then a pointed roof with a pair of dormer or skylight windows, a small window above a large one, on each side, which brought light to the choir below. One of the most fascinating churches in the world can be found in the east of France. Cathedrals can be found in the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox . Today, about 275,000 people live there (with around 780,000 in the metropolitan area ). Another two old bells by Mathieu Edel (1787) ring on the quarter hours. A pointed arch, a tribune for singers, and a balustrade were added in the 15th century. The Silbermann organ had three keyboards, thirty-nine jeux, or effects and two thousand, two hundred forty-two pipes. One of the oldest surviving architectural drawings of the cathedral. Different characters, representing the ages of life (from a child to an old man) parade in front of Death. This part of the clock is surrounded by painted figures representing the ancient empires Greece, Assyria, Persia, and Rome. A paleochristian church or cathedral is believed to have been founded by an edict of Clovis I, but its exact location and appearance is unknown. The cathedral is illuminated by one of the most remarkable collections of stained-glassed windows in the world. All the parts of the clock together are 18m (59ft) high. [53], Unlike the sculpture of earlier cathedrals, the Strasbourg statues clearly show emotions; the prophets look severe, the Virgins appear serene, the Virtues look noble, and the frivolous Virgins appear foolish. Repairs to war damage were completed only in the early 1990s. They were eventually returned and installed, along with numerous other works of art, by the specially created Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives section of the United States military. The cathedral has an observation deck that offers stunning views, French Revolution in the late 18th century, The Laughing Cavalier by Frans Hals Top 8 Facts, The Caf-Concert by douard Manet Top 8 Facts, Top 10 Famous Paintings at the Frans Hals Museum, 8 Historic Facts about the Szchenyi Chain Bridge. Strasbourg is the second most popular tourist city in France, after Paris; and there are three main attractions. Cathdrale Notre Dame de Strasbourg or Strasbourg Cathedral is the 6th tallest church in the world, built entirely in the medieval period. The crossing dome is placed over the meeting point of the transept and the choir, and, like the bell tower, has eight sides. While its most definitely assumed that drawings of buildings were made before the construction of this cathedral, the construction of this particular church marked an important moment in architectural history. The northern transept is decorated with the Emperor Windows, also referred to as the Kaiserfenster.. [41][42], During World War II, the cathedral was seen as a symbol for both warring parties. 15 Fabulous Facts About Luxembourg Palace, A-Z Index - Art Timeline - Architecture Timeline - Contact - Terms - Privacy Policy - About Art Facts, 1. Construction began in 1015, and it was largely completed in 1432. [83], The apse, with the Virgin of Alsace window (1956), Crowning of Mary, by Eduard Steinle in the vault of the apse, The apse of the cathedral, the hemispherical vault behind the altar on the northeast end, features Romanesque and Gothic architecture overlaid with 19th-century Neo-Romanesque decoration, The paintings on the half-dome and walls were made by douard Steinl in 187779, in the style of a Byzantine mosaic. Its place as the bourdon, or largest and deepest-sounding bell, was taken by an older bell, the "Totenglock", or "Death bell", which was traditionally used for mourning. Strasbourg Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg (French: Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, or Cathdrale de Strasbourg, German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg or Straburger Mnster), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, Alsace, France. It also preserves the earliest plans of the cathedral, as well as paintings and tapestries and other objects. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Strasbourg and one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Europe. Above this level is a celestial globe in a sky of painted stars which makes a complete revolution every 23 hours, fifty-six minutes and four seconds. Under the balustrade is a large painting on wood illustrating the Nativity, in a sweeping landscape. The church is located in the Alsace Region in eastern France, 2. Only the names remain carved on the walls. Other [38], Seven church bells were removed and melted down to made into cannon, and gold and other precious objects in the interior confiscated and taken away, and in November 1793 the cathedral was formally proclaimed a "Temple of Reason. Ad vertisement from shop HayleesSilver. The pilasters between the stairways are older, from 1015. At Strasbourg it is 61.5 metres (202ft) long and 16 metres (52ft) wide, not counting the two collateral aisles, which are each 10.41 metres (34.2ft) wide. Further modifications were made to the crypts in the 12th century. Most of these windows date back to the 12th and 13th centuries! "[36], The cathedral was not returned to church control until July 15, 1801, along with confiscated property that had not been destroyed. Most of the stained-glass windows date back to the Middle Ages, 14. Adolf Hitler, who visited it on 28 June 1940, intended to transform the church into a "national sanctuary of the German people",[43] or into a monument to the Unknown German Soldier. The central figures depict the entry of Christ into Jerusalem, and the Crucifixion and Passion of Christ, all with exceptional expression and detail. It's easy to get to by train from other regions in France (I took a direct train from Paris) or by car if you are driving. Above this is a colourful clock with the signs of the zodiac. After the annexation of the city by Louis XIV of France, on 30 September 1681, and a mass celebrated in the cathedral on 23 October 1681 in presence of the king and prince-bishop Franz Egon of Frstenberg,[33] the cathedral was returned to the Catholics and its inside redesigned according to the Catholic liturgy of the Counter-Reformation. [84], The stained glass window in the axis of the apse depicts the Virgin of Alscace. The ornate and colourful decoration of pinnacle, spires, and sculpture Sculpture also hangs beneath the organ, including a moving figure of Samson opening the jaws of a lion. It is composed of an octagonal pillar surrounded by four engaged columns, which reach upwards to support the vaults, and four slender colonettes. More recently, a group of six modern bells was cast in Heidelberg between 1974 and 1976; they range from 1.7 meters to 0.9 meters in diameter, and from 3.9 to 5.7 tons in weight. The new building, with its wooden roof beams, was unfortunately prone to fire; it suffered from fires in 1136, 1140,1150, and 1176. It is in a Neo-Byzantine style, with Christ in a red frame in the center. HayleesSilver From shop HayleesSilver. Both the interior and exterior of the Strasbourg Cathedral are extraordinary, once called by Victor Hugo "a prodigy of the gigantic and the delicate." Built on the foundations of a Roman. [52], The cathedral has three portals, corresponding to the three vessels of the nave. It is reached by a stairway with a curling sculpted design called "butterfly wings". By plane 15 minutes from Strasbourg Airport. In 1988, the Strasbourg Cathedral was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List along with the historic centre of the city (called the "Grande le") because of its outstanding Gothic architecture. Marvel at the oldest Gothic cathedral of Europe with your local tour guide. The main architect and the man credited with most of the cathedrals design was Erwin von Steinbach (1244-1318), a German architect. Its the capital of the Grand Est region of France in the historic region of Alsace. CATHDRALE ALLEMANDE? The cathedral was built in Gothic style. [80], The north transept connects with the Chapel of Saint John, entered through a pointed Gothic arch containing a rounded Romanesque arch. [18]. The construction of this church is a mixture of Roman and Gothic architecture. [83], In 1547 a new clock was begun by Christian Herlin and others, but the construction was interrupted when the cathedral was handed over to the Roman Catholic Church. [19], 1277 plan for west front (Plan Riss B restitution), Construction of Strasbourg Cathedral, by Thophile Schuler, 1850, Strasbourg Cathedral in the Middle Ages, painting by August von Bayer (19th century), The next major project was the rebuilding of the west front, or facade, in the Gothic style. The meeting points between the columns and the vault ribs is decorated with vegetal sculpture. After trying several temporary measures, in 1915, during the First World War, he launched a large-scale project to replace the entire foundation of the cathedral with concrete. The exterior height of the central nave reaches an astounding 40 meters (130 feet) as well. Built of red Vosges sandstone, it is a harmonious edifice despite the variety of its architectural styles. The Steinbachs's plans for the completion of the cathedral were not followed through by the chief architects who took over after them, and instead of the originally envisioned two spires, a single, octagonal tower with an elongated, octagonal crowning was built on the northern side of the west facade by master Ulrich von Ensingen and his successor, Johannes Hltz. The Neustadt draws the inspiration for its urban layout partially . It takes its reddish-brown color from the sandstone of the Vosges mountains. It is the least decorated side of the cathedral. [72], The three levels of the nave; arcades and collateral aisles (bottom); triforium, and upper windows, The nave is the section of the cathedral between the narthex and the choir where ordinary parishioners are seated and worship. [49], In 2000, an Al-Qaeda plot to bomb the adjacent Christmas market was prevented by French and German police. These include an old bell made by Jean Rosier and Cesar Bonbon (1691). [68] Its base is topped by a gallery with pointed arches, beneath a level with large arched bays, two on each side, side, divided by clusters of columns. It was the highest building in the world from 1647 to 1874. Kids Encyclopedia Facts. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for CDV Photo Cathedral Strasbourg France E Brion at the best online prices at eBay! The arched tympanum over the doors of the central portal is crowded with sculpture, as are the voussures, the stone arches around the door. The cathedral was hit by British and American bombs during air raids on the centre of Strasbourg on 11 August 1944, which also heavily damaged the Palais Rohan and the Sainte-Madeleine Church. The Gothic style also appeared in the statuary, particularly the Pillar of the Angels, and in the tympanums over the double portals on the south transept, which showed the influence of the sculpture in French Gothic cathedrals. Select from premium Strasbourg Strasbourg Cathedral of the highest quality. Theres a statue of the main architect next to the cathedral, 8. 1439-1939", "Straburger Mnster, Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg", "Straburger Mnster Mnster Unserer Lieben Frau", Notre Dame Cathedral (original plans and contemporary photographs), Historical Sketch of the Cathedral of Strasbourg, Diocese of GrenobleVienne-les-Allobroges, Armenian Catholic Eparchy of Sainte-Croix-de-Paris, Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon of Paris, Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Vladimir the Great of Paris, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strasbourg_Cathedral&oldid=1140780300, 15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in France, Roman Catholic churches completed in 1439, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles needing cleanup from October 2021, Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from October 2021, Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from October 2021, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, First Emperor Window: HENRICUS REX (presumably, Fourth Emperor Window: KAROLUS D[ic]C[tu]S MARTEL PATER BIPPINI (, Fifth Emperor Window: LOTHARIUS ROMANORUM IMPERATOR (. The construction of the cathedral, which had started in the year 1015 and had been relaunched in 1190, was finished in 1439.[6]. At the same time, the planned two spires on either side of the facade would reach an extraordinary height of 122 meters. The original statues were replaced by copies in the 20th century and are today kept in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame. Work on the church was frequently interrupted by wars and political crises. Use them in commercial designs under lifetime, perpetual & worldwide rights. While Strasbourg, today, is a symbol of unity in Europe, for centuries, it was at the center of conflict. [72], The creation of Adam and Eve (Narthex) (12801345), The lower bay on the south has stained glass windows that depict the Last Judgement, while the north bay windows illustrate twelve episodes from the Book of Genesis, including the creation of Adam and Eve, the original sin, the expulsion from Paradise, and Noah's ark. In addition to being one of the finest examples of high Gothic architecture remaining today, Strasbourg Cathedral has a fascinating history spanning hundreds of years. A little-known treasure of Strasbourg, the gothic Eglise Saint-Pierre-le-Jeune was consecrated in 1053 by the Alsatian Pope Leo IX. [84], Canon Conrad de Bussnang praying to Virgin and Child. However, the official ownership of the structure was given, and belongs today, to the French state, and it is administered by the Mayor of Strasbourg. On the south side of the nave, the upper walls have windows depicting female saints, including local saints from Alsace or Strasbourg. The cathedral is open from October to March from 10 a.m.. Free shipping for many products! Today, the city is one of the most important cities in Europe as its home to several European institutions, including the European Parliament. The South Transept contains the Pillar of Angels, a massive supporting pillar for the ceiling. It dates to the end of the 15th century. [75], The windows of the triforium, between the upper and lower window, contain 19th-century reconstitutions of early windows depicting the ancestors of Christ, but little of the original glass remains. [8], A set of "Emperor" windows, (Otto I, Otto II, Otto III, Conrad II, Henry III), Emperors Philip of Swabia, Henry IV, Henry V, Frederick II, Henry II of Bamberg, with head remounted on earlier body (1522), The five lower bays on the north side contain some of the oldest stained glass of the cathedral, installed in the old Romanesque cathedral in about 1180. [71], The narthex of the cathedral and massive pillars supporting the tower, seen from the central nave, Inside of west front doors, with blind rose window and column-statue of St. Peter. It is easily recognizable by its pink sandstone faade and its unique tower. [29][30] The building of the second tower was often discussed, and was seriously proposed when Alsace became part of Germany after the 1871 French-German War in 1871, but was coldly received by the population of Strasbourg, who considered it would be a symbol of German occupation.[31]. Strasbourg Cathedral (1015-1439) is an absolute masterpiece of Gothic art. When the Romans were driven out, the original structure was replaced by a temple dedicated to the Virgin Mary. In height to the vaults it is 32.616 metres (107.01ft). [67], The Klotz designed crossing dome over the transept, The crossing dome being built, 1878 or 1879, Romanesque vaults beneath the Klotz crossing dome. [35] Fragments can be seen in the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame. Parcours "The Cathedral of Strasbourg" Streetcar line: Ligne A, D-Arrt : Langstross Grand'Rue. Built of red Vosges sandstone, it is a harmonious edifice despite the variety of its architectural styles. In 1524, the city council assigned the cathedral to the Protestant faith, while the building suffered some damage from iconoclastic assaults. Construction History of the Strasbourg Cathedral in Alsace. Each has a particular theme of decoration; the left portal is dedicated to the infancy of Christ, the central portal to redemption, and the right portal to the Last Judgement. Its considered to be the epitome of French Gothic architecture, 5. As it turns, it shows the 1,022 stars identified by Ptolemy, as viewed above the horizon of Strasbourg. Free shipping for many products! Under Charlemagne, the Bishop Remi consecrated the altar and built a funeral crypt in about 778. It was the tallest building in the world for a period of 227 years, 6. When Bishop Werner I supported the winning candidate, Henry II of Germany, one of his Henry's rivals, Hermann of Germany, raided Strasbourg and burned down the cathedral. [16], A Roman settlement called Argentoratum, twenty hectares in size, existed on the site since about 12 B.C., at a strategic point where bridges crossed the Rhine and two of its tributaries. Since it was built, the platform has been a popular tourist attraction, and, until recently, a strategic fire lookout. The Bayeux Tapestry is without a doubt the most fascinating Romanesque artwork that was ever produced. They feature a Tree of Jesse (The Genealogy of Christ) and the judgement of Solomon (right window) and the Virgin Mary with John the Baptist and John the Evangelist) as well as King Solomon, the Queen of Sheba and King David on the left.
Monster Rehab Discontinued Uk,
Eagle Pass Bridge Cameras,
Articles S